Outcomes in learning are actually what learners can demonstrate at the end of learning experience. Learning outcomes are outcomes that are expected from a certain subject and these are assessed and evaluated through various measurement tools. Outcome based education (OBE) is a process that involves the restructuring of curriculum, assessment and reporting practices in education to reflect the achievement of high order learning and mastery rather than the accumulation of course credits (Tucker,2004). Thus the primary aim of OBE is to facilitate desired changes within the learners, by increasing knowledge, developing skills and/or positively influencing attitudes, values and judgment. OBE embodies the idea that the best way to learn is to first determine what needs to be achieved. Once the end goal (product or outcome) has been determined the strategies, processes, techniques, and other ways and means can be put into place to achieve the goal. Therefore, OBE system is one in which outcomes drive the whole course content and assessment structure; and a central aspect of OBE is the alignment of learning outcomes, teaching and learning processes, and assessment. OBE addresses the following key questions:
- What do you want the students to have or able to do after learning?
- How can you best help students to achieve it?
- How will you know what they have achieved?
- How do you close the loop?
To accomplish what is expected above; Biggs (2003) proposed intended learning outcomes to be achieved at the end of a learning period to be stated clearly. These outcomes should provide clear guidance for the planning and development of the teaching process which includes the design and organization of materials, the selection of the most appropriate teaching methods, as well as providing a measure for quality assurance.
Source: http://ctl.utm.my/nali
Resource: Norinpel, Erdenekhuu & Ganbold, Shagdar & Tungalag, Uranchimeg. (2018). ASSESSMENT EXPERIENCE ON PROGRAM LEARNING OUTCOMES.
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